सैंपल माध्यिका एक ऑर्डर स्टैटिस्टिक है और एक नॉर्मल डिस्ट्रीब्यूशन है, इसलिए सैंपल मीडियन और सैंपल माध्य (जिसका नॉर्मल डिस्ट्रीब्यूशन है) का जॉइंट फिनाइल-सैंपल डिस्ट्रीब्यूशन सामान्य नहीं होगा। सन्निकटन के लिए रिज़ॉर्ट, asymptotically निम्नलिखित पकड़ (मेरा जवाब यहाँ देखें ):
n−−√[(X¯nYn)−(μv)]→LN[(00),Σ]
साथ में
Σ=(σ2E(|X−v|)[2f(v)]−1E(|X−v|)[2f(v)]−1[2f(v)]−2)
where X¯n is the sample mean and μ the population mean, Yn is the sample median and v the population median, f() is the probability density of the random variables involved and σ2 is the variance.
So approximately for large samples, their joint distribution is bivariate normal, so we have that
E(Yn∣X¯n=x¯)=v+ρσvσX¯(x¯−μ)
where ρ is the correlation coefficient.
Manipulating the asymptotic distribution to become the approximate large-sample joint distribution of sample mean and sample median (and not of the standardized quantities), we have
ρ=1nE(|X−v|)[2f(v)]−11nσ[2f(v)]−1=E(|X−v|)σ
So
E(Yn∣X¯n=x¯)=v+E(|X−v|)σ[2f(v)]−1σ(x¯−μ)
We have that 2f(v)=2/σ2π−−√ due to the symmetry of the normal density so we arrive at
E(Yn∣X¯n=x¯)=v+π2−−√E(∣∣∣X−μσ∣∣∣)(x¯−μ)
where we have used v=μ. Now the standardized variable is a standard normal, so its absolute value is a half-normal distribution with expected value equal to 2/π−−−√ (since the underlying variance is unity). So
E(Yn∣X¯n=x¯)=v+π2−−√2π−−√(x¯−μ)=v+x¯−μ=x¯