मुझे लगता है कि यह आप पर निर्भर करता है कि कर्नेल को पता है कि ब्लैकहोल पता प्रकार क्या है।
Iptables स्रोत कोड में xt_addrtype.h फ़ाइल से , आप देख सकते हैं:
/* rtn_type enum values from rtnetlink.h, but shifted */
enum {
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNSPEC = 1 << 0,
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNICAST = 1 << 1, /* 1 << RTN_UNICAST */
XT_ADDRTYPE_LOCAL = 1 << 2, /* 1 << RTN_LOCAL, etc */
XT_ADDRTYPE_BROADCAST = 1 << 3,
XT_ADDRTYPE_ANYCAST = 1 << 4,
XT_ADDRTYPE_MULTICAST = 1 << 5,
XT_ADDRTYPE_BLACKHOLE = 1 << 6,
XT_ADDRTYPE_UNREACHABLE = 1 << 7,
XT_ADDRTYPE_PROHIBIT = 1 << 8,
XT_ADDRTYPE_THROW = 1 << 9,
XT_ADDRTYPE_NAT = 1 << 10,
XT_ADDRTYPE_XRESOLVE = 1 << 11,
};
और में rtnetlink.h, आप एक ही परिभाषा देखेंगे:
enum {
RTN_UNSPEC,
RTN_UNICAST, /* Gateway or direct route */
RTN_LOCAL, /* Accept locally */
RTN_BROADCAST, /* Accept locally as broadcast,
send as broadcast */
RTN_ANYCAST, /* Accept locally as broadcast,
but send as unicast */
RTN_MULTICAST, /* Multicast route */
RTN_BLACKHOLE, /* Drop */
RTN_UNREACHABLE, /* Destination is unreachable */
RTN_PROHIBIT, /* Administratively prohibited */
RTN_THROW, /* Not in this table */
RTN_NAT, /* Translate this address */
RTN_XRESOLVE, /* Use external resolver */
__RTN_MAX
};
आप iptablesपता प्रकार की उसी परिभाषा का उपयोग कर्नेल tcp नेटवर्किंग स्टैक के साथ देख सकते हैं ।
फिर से man ip:
Route types:
unicast - the route entry describes real paths to the destinations covered by the route prefix.
unreachable - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded and the ICMP message host unreachable is generated.
The local senders get an EHOSTUNREACH error.
blackhole - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded silently. The local senders get an EINVAL error.
prohibit - these destinations are unreachable. Packets are discarded and the ICMP message communication administratively
prohibited is generated. The local senders get an EACCES error.
local - the destinations are assigned to this host. The packets are looped back and delivered locally.
broadcast - the destinations are broadcast addresses. The packets are sent as link broadcasts.
throw - a special control route used together with policy rules. If such a route is selected, lookup in this table is termi‐
nated pretending that no route was found. Without policy routing it is equivalent to the absence of the route in the routing
table. The packets are dropped and the ICMP message net unreachable is generated. The local senders get an ENETUNREACH
error.
nat - a special NAT route. Destinations covered by the prefix are considered to be dummy (or external) addresses which
require translation to real (or internal) ones before forwarding. The addresses to translate to are selected with the
attribute Warning: Route NAT is no longer supported in Linux 2.6.
via.
anycast - not implemented the destinations are anycast addresses assigned to this host. They are mainly equivalent to local
with one difference: such addresses are invalid when used as the source address of any packet.
multicast - a special type used for multicast routing. It is not present in normal routing tables.
इसलिए जब आप किसी नेटवर्क को ipकमांड द्वारा परिभाषित करते हैं और इसे ब्लैकहोल रूट के रूप में चिह्नित करते हैं, तो कर्नेल अब इस नेटवर्क एड्रेस को ब्लैकहोल बनाते हैं:
ip route add blackhole X.X.X.X/24
LOCALसबसे निश्चित रूप से नहीं है127.0.0.0/8। मुझे इसका कठिन तरीका पता चला :( ... जाहिरा तौर पर एक स्थानीय पता किसी इंटरफ़ेस को निर्दिष्ट किसी भी पते को संदर्भित करता है।