इसलिए मैंने आखिरकार उबंटू 16.04 के साथ विंडोज 10 को डुअल बूट किया। मैं अपने माध्यमिक लैपटॉप पर Xubuntu 5-6 महीने से चला रहा हूं और अब इसे अपने मुख्य लैपटॉप पर स्थापित करने का निर्णय लिया है, अब तक उबंटू बहुत अच्छा चलता है, लेकिन केवल एक ही मुद्दा है: मैं अपने समर्पित GPU [AMD Radeon 8670M] को नहीं देख सकता मेरा इंटेल इंटीग्रेटेड जीपीयू [इंटेल एचडी ग्राफिक्स 4400] दिखाता है। अतिरिक्त ड्राइवर सेक्शन पर केवल Intel Proprietary ड्राइवर्स हैं।
यहां वे कमांड हैं जिन्हें मैंने चलाया:
$ sudo lshw -c video
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 2
bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0
version: 09
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom
configuration: driver=i915 latency=0
resources: irq:44 memory:c2000000-c23fffff memory:b0000000-bfffffff ioport:6000(size=64)**
तथा
$ lspci -nn | grep VGA
00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller [8086:0a16] (rev 09)
तथा
$ dmesg | egrep "radeon|drm"
[ 1.345817] [drm] Initialized drm 1.1.0 20060810
[ 1.386931] [drm] Memory usable by graphics device = 2048M
[ 1.386937] fb: switching to inteldrmfb from VESA VGA
[ 1.387046] [drm] Replacing VGA console driver
[ 1.391211] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 1.395226] [drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 2 (21.10.2013).
[ 1.395229] [drm] Driver supports precise vblank timestamp query.
[ 1.398577] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: enabling device (0006 -> 0007)
[ 1.424927] [drm] Initialized i915 1.6.0 20151010 for 0000:00:02.0 on minor 0
[ 1.425088] [drm] initializing kernel modesetting (HAINAN 0x1002:0x6660 0x103C:0x2164).
[ 1.425101] [drm] register mmio base: 0xC2400000
[ 1.425102] [drm] register mmio size: 262144
[ 1.429954] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: VRAM: 1024M 0x0000000000000000 - 0x000000003FFFFFFF (1024M used)
[ 1.429956] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: GTT: 2048M 0x0000000040000000 - 0x00000000BFFFFFFF
[ 1.429957] [drm] Detected VRAM RAM=1024M, BAR=256M
[ 1.429958] [drm] RAM width 64bits DDR
[ 1.430106] [drm] radeon: 1024M of VRAM memory ready
[ 1.430107] [drm] radeon: 2048M of GTT memory ready.
[ 1.430116] [drm] Loading hainan Microcode
[ 1.430197] [drm] Internal thermal controller without fan control
[ 1.430254] [drm] probing gen 2 caps for device 8086:9c18 = 5323c42/0
[ 1.438512] [drm] radeon: dpm initialized
[ 1.438518] [drm] GART: num cpu pages 524288, num gpu pages 524288
[ 1.439806] [drm] probing gen 2 caps for device 8086:9c18 = 5323c42/0
[ 1.439810] [drm] PCIE gen 2 link speeds already enabled
[ 1.442772] [drm] PCIE GART of 2048M enabled (table at 0x0000000000040000).
[ 1.442964] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: WB enabled
[ 1.442967] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 0 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c00 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec00
[ 1.442968] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 1 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c04 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec04
[ 1.442970] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 2 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c08 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec08
[ 1.442971] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 3 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c0c and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec0c
[ 1.442973] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 4 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c10 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec10
[ 1.442974] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: VCE init error (-22).
[ 1.442976] [drm] Supports vblank timestamp caching Rev 2 (21.10.2013).
[ 1.442977] [drm] Driver supports precise vblank timestamp query.
[ 1.442979] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: radeon: MSI limited to 32-bit
[ 1.443009] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: radeon: using MSI.
[ 1.443040] [drm] radeon: irq initialized.
[ 1.551879] fbcon: inteldrmfb (fb0) is primary device
[ 1.551995] i915 0000:00:02.0: fb0: inteldrmfb frame buffer device
[ 1.680395] [drm] ring test on 0 succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 1.680403] [drm] ring test on 1 succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 1.680419] [drm] ring test on 2 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.680428] [drm] ring test on 3 succeeded in 4 usecs
[ 1.680436] [drm] ring test on 4 succeeded in 4 usecs
[ 1.680715] [drm] ib test on ring 0 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.680744] [drm] ib test on ring 1 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.680771] [drm] ib test on ring 2 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.680792] [drm] ib test on ring 3 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.680813] [drm] ib test on ring 4 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 1.681381] [drm] Radeon Display Connectors
[ 1.682905] [drm] Initialized radeon 2.43.0 20080528 for 0000:0a:00.0 on minor 1
[ 21.205885] [drm] probing gen 2 caps for device 8086:9c18 = 5323c42/0
[ 21.205890] [drm] PCIE gen 2 link speeds already enabled
[ 21.212077] [drm] PCIE GART of 2048M enabled (table at 0x0000000000040000).
[ 21.212176] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: WB enabled
[ 21.212178] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 0 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c00 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec00
[ 21.212180] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 1 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c04 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec04
[ 21.212181] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 2 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c08 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec08
[ 21.212183] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 3 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c0c and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec0c
[ 21.212184] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: fence driver on ring 4 use gpu addr 0x0000000040000c10 and cpu addr 0xffff8800355bec10
[ 21.212186] radeon 0000:0a:00.0: VCE init error (-22).
[ 21.448861] [drm] ring test on 0 succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 21.448866] [drm] ring test on 1 succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 21.448872] [drm] ring test on 2 succeeded in 1 usecs
[ 21.448880] [drm] ring test on 3 succeeded in 4 usecs
[ 21.448887] [drm] ring test on 4 succeeded in 4 usecs
[ 21.448951] [drm] ib test on ring 0 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 21.449007] [drm] ib test on ring 1 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 21.449062] [drm] ib test on ring 2 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 21.449076] [drm] ib test on ring 3 succeeded in 0 usecs
[ 21.449090] [drm] ib test on ring 4 succeeded in 0 usecs
संपादित करें: स्वरूपण