मेरे पास ओरेकल वर्चुअलबॉक्स के माध्यम से 3 वर्चुअल मशीन सेटअप हैं: उबंटू, फेडोरा और सेंटोस। उबंटू मशीन सेटअप इस प्रकार है:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:ed:19:9f
inet addr:172.25.1.4 Bcast:172.25.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::7d42:e5b6:7818:df37/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:23245 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:18488 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:21373422 (21.3 MB) TX bytes:3230755 (3.2 MB)
enp0s8 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:a4:79:fe
inet6 addr: fe80::5d4e:ef97:3c34:f2b6/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1582 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:70 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:119897 (119.8 KB) TX bytes:9194 (9.1 KB)
enp0s9 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:3a:28:14
inet6 addr: fe80::118f:71e1:f2b2:f582/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1586 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:120766 (120.7 KB) TX bytes:8852 (8.8 KB)
enp0s10 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:3a:23:39
inet addr:10.0.3.4 Bcast:10.0.3.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::1013:fee6:cdd6:4ba4/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:16377 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:12869 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:15323241 (15.3 MB) TX bytes:2256638 (2.2 MB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:2304 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2304 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:292108 (292.1 KB) TX bytes:292108 (292.1 KB)
kuyu@ub16:~$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default 10.0.3.1 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s10
default 172.25.1.1 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s3
10.0.3.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s10
link-local * 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 enp0s10
172.25.1.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
फेडोरा मशीन सेटअप इस प्रकार है:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.2.15 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.2.255
inet6 fe80::a06b:59f9:ecd2:5f4f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:cc:b4:fe txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 15606 bytes 10210208 (9.7 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 10377 bytes 1378129 (1.3 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 10.0.3.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.0.3.255
inet6 fe80::5081:a65:f591:5587 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:10:4b:c6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 185 bytes 27128 (26.4 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 314 bytes 44983 (43.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::ea6c:3aa1:5fc9:bdff prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:e1:62:f4 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 62 bytes 12502 (12.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 234 bytes 34491 (33.6 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 36 bytes 3112 (3.0 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 36 bytes 3112 (3.0 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 00:00:00:00:00:00 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s3
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s9
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 102 0 0 enp0s8
10.0.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
10.0.3.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s8
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s9
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
CentOS मशीन सेटअप इस प्रकार है:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ifconfig
enp0s3: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.25.1.5 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.25.1.255
inet6 fe80::1f36:5e13:45ae:b7d1 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:f4:fd:91 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 15070 bytes 21673274 (20.6 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 7401 bytes 471787 (460.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s8: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::bd87:67c1:8b39:f511 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:30:f3:fa txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1442 bytes 107149 (104.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 56 bytes 6524 (6.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s9: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::e6a5:62c4:3dfa:b841 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:b9:cf:71 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1403 bytes 102963 (100.5 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 17 bytes 2954 (2.8 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp0s10: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.2.4 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.2.255
inet6 fe80::3c3e:1a03:e554:514d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 08:00:27:bd:1f:4a txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 131 bytes 23156 (22.6 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 339 bytes 57279 (55.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 134 bytes 11636 (11.3 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 134 bytes 11636 (11.3 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.122.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.122.255
ether 52:54:00:bb:2b:56 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ route
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 100 0 0 enp0s3
default gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 101 0 0 enp0s10
172.25.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s3
192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 100 0 0 enp0s10
192.168.122.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 virbr0
फेडोरा मशीन में रूटिंग सक्षम है:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ sudo sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
उबंटू मशीन फेडोरा मशीन को पिंग करने में सक्षम है:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ping 10.0.3.5
PING 10.0.3.5 (10.0.3.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 10.0.3.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=2.39 ms
64 bytes from 10.0.3.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.53 ms
इसी तरह, CentOS मशीन फेडोरा मशीन को पिंग कर सकती है:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ping 192.168.2.5
PING 192.168.2.5 (192.168.2.5) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=1.63 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=1.14 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.2.5: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=1.42 ms
हालांकि, उबंटू मशीन, फेडोरा मशीन के माध्यम से CentOS मशीन को पिंग नहीं कर सकती है:
kuyu@ub16:~$ ping 192.168.2.4
PING 192.168.2.4 (192.168.2.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 192.168.2.4 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 4050ms
इसी तरह, CentOS मशीन फेडोरा मशीन के माध्यम से उबंटू मशीन को पिंग नहीं कर सकती है:
[kuyu@localhost ~]$ ping 10.0.3.4
PING 10.0.3.4 (10.0.3.4) 56(84) bytes of data.
^C
--- 10.0.3.4 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 3004ms
मेरा सवाल यह है कि मैं मशीन के कॉन्फ़िगरेशन को कैसे ठीक करूं, ताकि उबंटू मशीन फेडोरा मशीन के माध्यम से सेंटोस मशीन (और इसके विपरीत) को पिंग कर सके?
1
यह इतना "ठीक" नहीं है कि सही ढंग से "सेट अप" किया जा सके। यह ऐसा कुछ नहीं है जिससे आप बॉक्स से बाहर निकलने की उम्मीद करेंगे।
—
ट्रिपल
उबंटू और CentOS मशीनों पर राउटिंग टेबल सही ढंग से सेटअप हैं? वे लक्ष्य के लिए गेटवे के रूप में फेडोरा मशीन को शामिल करते हैं? (यदि आप इससे भ्रमित हैं, तो कृपया
—
12
ip routeउबंटू और सेंटोस मशीन के आउटपुट के साथ प्रश्न को संपादित करें , जो भी समतुल्य सेंटोस की आवश्यकता है, का उपयोग करके)।