यहाँ मैं Red Hat Enterprise (RHEL) के साथ क्या कर रहा हूँ।
आरएचईएल की एक iptablesसेवा है जो नियमों को लोड करती है /etc/sysconfig/iptablesऔर मैं उस फ़ाइल को संशोधित करने और iptables सेवा को पुनरारंभ करने के साथ काम कर रहा हूं। बहुत से लोग एक iptables.d निर्देशिका में टुकड़े छोड़ना पसंद करते हैं और उस से एक iptables (जैसे या कुछ ऐसा) नियम बनाते हैं। मैं डिफ़ॉल्ट नियमों के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए सामान शामिल करता हूं, लेकिन यह आमतौर पर कभी भी कुछ भी नहीं करता है। यदि आपकी आवश्यकताएं सरल हैं, तो आप सिस्टम में एक iptables फ़ाइल को कॉपी कर सकते हैं।
यह कितना बदसूरत लगता है, इसके बावजूद यह आरएचईएल 4, आरएचईएल 5 और आरएचईएल 6 पर काफी अच्छी तरह से परखा गया है।
कठपुतली में अगेती समर्थन था इससे पहले कि मैं यह जा रहा था। अगर मैं इसे आज फिर से लिख रहा था, तो मैं सहारा लेने से पहले अग्ली iptables लेंस को देखूंगा exec { "perl ...": }।
कुछ वैश्विक फाइलों को जगह में संपादित करने के लिए परिभाषित करता है
# Ensure that the line "line" exists in "file":
# Usage:
# append_if_no_such_line { dummy_modules:
# file => "/etc/modules",
# line => dummy
# }
#
define append_if_no_such_line($file, $line, $refreshonly = 'false') {
exec { "/bin/echo '$line' >> '$file'":
unless => "/bin/grep -Fxqe '$line' '$file'",
refreshonly => $refreshonly,
}
}
# Ensure that the line "line" exists in "file":
# Usage:
# prepend_if_no_such_line { dummy_modules:
# file => "/etc/modules",
# line => dummy
# }
#
define prepend_if_no_such_line($file, $line, $refreshonly = 'false') {
$line_no_slashes = slash_escape($line)
exec { "/usr/bin/perl -p0i -e 's/^/$line_no_slashes\n/;' '$file'":
unless => "/bin/grep -Fxqe '$line' '$file'",
refreshonly => $refreshonly,
}
}
define insert_line_after_if_no_such_line($file, $line, $after) {
$line_no_slashes = slash_escape($line)
$after_no_slashes = slash_escape($after)
exec { "/usr/bin/perl -p0i -e 's/^($after_no_slashes)\$/\$1\n$line_no_slashes/m' '$file'":
onlyif => "/usr/bin/perl -ne 'BEGIN { \$ret = 0; } \$ret = 1 if /^$line_no_slashes/; END { exit \$ret; }' '$file'",
}
}
define insert_line_before_if_no_such_line($file, $line, $beforeline) {
$line_no_slashes = slash_escape($line)
$before_no_slashes = slash_escape($beforeline)
exec { "/usr/bin/perl -p0i -e 's/^($before_no_slashes)\$/$line_no_slashes\n\$1/m' '$file'":
onlyif => "/usr/bin/perl -ne 'BEGIN { \$ret = 0; } \$ret = 1 if /^$line_no_slashes/; END { exit \$ret; }' '$file'",
}
}
मेरी iptables वर्ग:
class iptables {
if $lsbmajdistrelease >= '6' {
$primarychain = 'INPUT'
} else {
$primarychain = 'RH-Firewall-1-INPUT'
}
package {
iptables:
ensure => installed # "latest" would be too much
}
service {
iptables:
enable => true, # default on
ensure => running, # start it up if it's stopped
hasstatus => true, # since there's no daemon
}
file {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables":
ensure => present;
}
##
# Build up a config if it's missing components we expect; should
# automatically repair a config if it's broken for really simple reasons
##
# Very first thing: a comment at the top warning about our evil; add even if
# we're not touching anything else...
prepend_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables comment":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "# This file partially managed by puppet; attempts to edit will result in magic reappearances"
}
# start
# *filter
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables *filter":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "\\*filter",
after => "#.*",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# first default chain
# :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:INPUT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => ":INPUT ACCEPT \\[0:0\\]",
after => "\\*filter",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# second default chain
# :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:FORWARD":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => ":FORWARD ACCEPT \\[0:0\\]",
after => ":INPUT ACCEPT \\[\\d+:\\d+\\]",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# third default chain
# :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:OUTPUT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => ":OUTPUT ACCEPT \\[0:0\\]",
after => ":FORWARD ACCEPT \\[\\d+:\\d+\\]",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
if $lsbmajdistrelease <= 5 {
# Finally, the RH special chain
# :RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - [0:0]
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => ":RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - \\[0:0\\]",
after => ":OUTPUT ACCEPT \\[\\d+:\\d+\\]",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# redirect INPUT to RH chain
# -A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:INPUT:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT",
after => ":RH-Firewall-1-INPUT - \\[\\d+:\\d+\\]",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# redirect FORWARD to RH chain
# -A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:FORWARD:RH-Firewall-1-INPUT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A FORWARD -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT",
after => "-A INPUT -j RH-Firewall-1-INPUT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
}
# Let anything on localhost work...
# -A $primarychain -i lo -j ACCEPT
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:$primarychain lo":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A $primarychain -i lo -j ACCEPT",
after => "-A FORWARD -j $primarychain",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# And let through all the ICMP stuff:
# -A $primarychain -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT
if $lsbmajdistrelease >= '6' {
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:$primarychain icmp":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A $primarychain -p icmp -j ACCEPT",
after => "-A $primarychain -i lo -j ACCEPT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
} else {
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:$primarychain icmp":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A $primarychain -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT",
after => "-A $primarychain -i lo -j ACCEPT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
}
# Finally, let anything that's part of an exisiting connection through:
# -A $primarychain -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
insert_line_after_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:ESTABLISHED":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A $primarychain -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT",
after => "-A $primarychain -p icmp --icmp-type any -j ACCEPT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# Very last thing:
# COMMIT
append_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:COMMIT":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "COMMIT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
# Next to last thing: reject!
# -A $primarychain -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
insert_line_before_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:final reject":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => "-A $primarychain -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited",
beforeline => "COMMIT",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
}
# example:
# iptable_rule { "iptable:ssh":
# rule => "-m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT"
# }
# change your mind about a rule, do this:
# iptable_rule { "iptable:ssh":
# rule => "-m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT",
# ensure => "absent",
# }
define iptable_rule($rule, $ensure = 'present') {
if $lsbmajdistrelease >= '6' {
$primarychain = 'INPUT'
} else {
$primarychain = 'RH-Firewall-1-INPUT'
}
$iptablesline = "-A $primarychain $rule"
case $ensure {
default: { err ( "unknown ensure value $ensure" ) }
present: {
insert_line_before_if_no_such_line {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:add $rule":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
line => $iptablesline,
beforeline => "-A $primarychain -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited",
notify => Service[iptables],
}
}
absent: {
delete_lines {
"/etc/sysconfig/iptables:remove $rule":
file => "/etc/sysconfig/iptables",
pattern => $iptablesline,
notify => Service[iptables],
}
}
}
}
# Example:
# iptable_tcp_port { "iptable:ssh":
# port => "22",
# }
# Example:
# iptable_tcp_port { "iptable:oracle:130.157.5.0/24":
# port => "1521",
# source => "130.157.5.0/24",
# }
# (add ensure => "absent" to remove)
define iptable_tcp_port($port, $ensure = 'present', $source = 'ANY') {
case $source {
"ANY": {
iptable_rule {
"iptable_tcp_port:$port":
rule => "-m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport $port -j ACCEPT",
ensure => $ensure,
}
}
default: {
iptable_rule {
"iptable_tcp_port:$port:$source":
rule => "-m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --source $source --dport $port -j ACCEPT",
ensure => $ensure,
}
}
}
}
# Example:
# iptable_udp_port { "iptable:ntp":
# port => "123",
# }
# (again, ensure => "absent" if needed)
define iptable_udp_port($port, $ensure = 'present', $source = 'ANY') {
case $source {
"ANY": {
iptable_rule {
"iptable_udp_port:$port":
rule => "-p udp -m udp --dport $port -j ACCEPT",
ensure => $ensure,
}
}
default: {
iptable_rule {
"iptable_udp_port:$port":
rule => "-p udp -m udp --source $source --dport $port -j ACCEPT",
ensure => $ensure,
}
}
}
}
अन्य वर्गों में उपयोग के कुछ उदाहरण:
class ssh {
include iptables
iptable_tcp_port {
"iptables:ssh":
port => "22",
ensure => "present"
}
}
class ssh_restricted inherits ssh {
Iptable_tcp_port["iptables:ssh"]{ensure => "absent"}
iptable_tcp_port {
"ssh:RESTRICTED":
port => "22",
source => "X.Y.0.0/16",
ensure => "present";
}
}
class apache {
iptable_tcp_port {
"iptables:http":
require => Service["httpd"],
port => "80";
}
}
class apache::secure {
iptable_tcp_port {
"iptables:https":
require => Service["httpd"],
port => "443";
}
}
class snmp {
iptable_udp_port { "iptables:snmp": port => "161" }
}